HORTATORY EXPOSITION TEXT

Hy guys! let's start our new material...
i think that you often read magazine, scientific books, journals, newspaper or articles, right?
maybe you don't realize that many hortatory exposition text inside of it..
Now we will learn about HORTATORY EXPOSITION..

Definition:

Hortatry exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended to explain the listeners or readers that something should or should not happen or be done. Hortatory exposition text can be found in scientific books, journals, magazines, newspaper articles, academic speech or lectures, research report etc.

Purpose:

To persuade the readers that something should or should not be the case or be done.

 Generic Structure:

1.      Thesis : Statement or announcement of issue concern

2.      Arguments : Reasons for concern that will lead to recommendation

3.      Recommendation : Statement of what should or should not happen or be done based on the given arguments

Language features:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using modals
3. Using action verbs
4. Using thinking verbs
5. Using adverbs
6. Using adjective
7. Using technical terms
8. Using general and abstract noun
9. Using connectives/transition

Then what is the basic difference between analytical and hortatory exposition?

The examples of Hortatory Exposition:

Mobile Phones Should Not be Banned in School (Title)

            Mobile phones is not used just for calling, but sending text, taking pictures, accessing internet, and mush more. Many students bring their phones to school. For them, mobile phones has many uses. So, mobile phones should not be banned in school. Why do I said that? (Thesis)

            Firstly, students call their parents for another needs. By mobile phones, student can call their close relative of they need something to be brought to school. In addition, mobile phones can be used to call their children when one of their family were hit by disaster suddenly. An then, student can called their parent to pick her up when want to go home. (Argument)

            Secondly, increased of knowledge among students. When trying to find answer of difficult task at school, mobile phone can be used as a connecting to search the answer through GPRS or Wi-Fi networks. (Argument)

            Finally, expand the network of friendship among students. School is the right place to find friends. Average, student been at school about 7 hours or more. So that, a lot of students found their friend in the school environment. Therefore, communication between friends should be kept on of which using a mobile phone. (Argument)

            So, I think mobile phone should not be banned in school. But, use your phone in the time and right place so that no one was disturbed. (Recommendation)

Watching TV

Thesis:

 Is it important to know what your kids are watching? Of course it is. Television can expose your children to things that you have tried to protect them from, especially violence, drug abuse, etc.

 Argument 1:

 One study demonstrated that watching too much TV during the day or at bedtime often causes bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay and anxiety around sleep, followed by shortened sleep duration.

 Argument 2:

 Another study found a significant association between the amount of time spent watching television during adolescence and early adulthood, and the like hood of subsequent aggressive acts against others.

 Argument 3:

Meanwhile, many studies have found an association between kids watching a lot of TV, being inactive and overweight.

Recommendation:

Considering some facts above, protect your children with some following tips:

1.                  Limit television viewing to 1-2 hours each day.

2.                  Do not allow your children to have a TV set in their bedrooms.

3.                  Review the ratings of TV shows that your children watch.

4.                  Watch television with your children and discuss what is happening during the show.

RECOUNT TEXT

Hello everybody... !!
how was your trip on last your holiday? have you told it to your friends?
your story about your past experience is RECOUNT..
what is that?

1.      Definition of Recount

Recount is a text which retells events or experiences in the past. Its purpose is either to inform or to entertain the audience. There is no complication among the participants and that differentiates from narrative.

2.      Generic Structure of Recount

1. Orientation: Introducing the participants, place and time

2. Events: Describing series of event that happened in the past

3. Reorientation: It is optional. Stating personal comment of the writer to the story

3.      Language Feature of Recount

• Introducing personal participant; I, my group, etc

• Using chronological connection; then, first, etc

• Using linking verb; was, were, saw, heard, etc

• Using action verb; look, go, change, etc

• Using simple past tense

4.      Example of Recount Text

Vacation to London

Mr. Richard’s family was on vacation. They are Mr. and Mrs. Richard with two sons. They went to London. They saw their travel agent and booked their tickets. They went to the British Embassy to get visas to enter Britain. They had booked fourteen days tour. This includes travel and accommodation. They also included tours around London

They boarded a large Boeing flight. The flight was nearly fourteen hours. On the plane the cabin crews were very friendly. They gave them news paper and magazine to read. They gave them food and drink. There was a film for their entertainment. They had a very pleasant flight. They slept part of the way.

On arrival at Heathrow Airport, they had to go to Customs and Immigration. The officers were pleasant. They checked the document carefully but their manners were very polite. Mr. Richard and his family collected their bags and went to London Welcome Desk. They arranged the transfer to a hotel.

The hotel was a well-known four-star hotel. The room had perfect view of the park. The room had its own bathroom and toilet. Instead of keys for the room, they inserted a key-card to open the door. On the third floor, there was a restaurant serving Asian and European food. They had variety of food.

The two week in London went by fast. At the end of the 14-day, they were quite tired but they felt very happy.

NARRATIVE TEXT

Hy my beloved visitor...
have you ever heard stories about Cinderella or Snow White?
Those stories are kinds of narrative text.. did you know about NARRATIVE TEXT?
let us check it out... !!

Narrative text Definition: Narrative text is a type of spoken or written text that tells a story of one character or more who face certain problematic situations.

Purpose or social function of the text: The main purpose of narrative is to amuse, entertain and engage the reader in an imaginative experience. A narrative story deals with complications or problematic events which lead to a crisis and in turn finds a resolution. 2. Types Types of narrative text are: 1. Fable is a succinct fictional story, in prose or verse, that features animals, mythical creatures, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature which are anthropomorphized (given human qualities), and that illustrates a moral lesson (a "moral"), which may at the end be expressed explicitly in a pithy maxim. 2. Legend (Latin, legenda, "things to be read") is a narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to take place within human history and to possess certain qualities that give the tale verisimilitude. Legend, for its active and passive participants includes no happenings that are outside the realm of "possibility", defined by a highly flexible set of parameters, which may include miracles that are perceived as actually having happened, within the specific tradition of indoctrination where the legend arises, and within which it may be transformed over time, in order to keep it fresh and vital, and realistic. 3. Folktales are a general term for different varieties of traditional narrative. The telling of stories appears to be a cultural universal, 4. Fairy Tale is a type of short narrative that typically features such folkloric characters, such as fairies, goblins, elves, trolls, dwarves, giants or gnomes, and usually magic or enchantments. However, only a small number of the stories refer to fairies. The stories may nonetheless be distinguished from other folk narratives such as legends (which generally involve belief in the veracity of the events described) and explicitly moral tales, including beast fables. 5. Modern fantasy is literature written by a known author that is set either in make-believe or imaginary world with which places, people and creatures could not exist in and/or have events that could not possibly happen such as tiny people, talking animals, or traveling through time. Generic Structure of the text: 1. Orientation Sets the scene: where and when the story happened,   introduces the participants    of the story: who and what is involved in the story. 2. Complication Tells the beginning of the problem which leads to the crisis (climax) of the main participants. 3. Resolution The problem (the crisis) is resolved, either in a happy ending or in sad (tragic) ending. 4. Reorientation This is a closing remark to the story and it is optional. It consists of a moral lesson, advice or teaching from the writer. Language features: 1. A narrative focuses on specific participants: often individual or participants with defines identities. Major participants are human, or sometimes animals with human characteristic. 2. Mainly use action, verbal or mental processes (verbs of perception: think, realize, feel, etc.) 3.  It usually use past tenses (Simple Past Tense and Past Continuous Tense). 4.  Direct and indirect speeches are often used (some dialogs are used in the story and the tense can change). 5. Descriptive language is used to create listeners’ or readers’ imagination. 6. Can be written in first person (I, We) or third person (he, she, and they) ( In choose – your-own-advantages, the reader is involved in the story a major character and addressed as” you”. 7. Temporal conjunctions are also used.

Here is one example of a narrative text.

REPORT TEXT

Hy guys! nice to see you again...
have you read a report text?
still confused about it? let us learn about REPORT TEXT...

Definition of Report
Report is a text which presents information about something, as it is. It is as a result of systematic observation and analysis

Generic Structure of Report
1. General classification: Stating classification of general aspect of thing; animal, public place, plant, etc which will be discussed in general
2. Description: Describing the thing which will be discussed in detail; Tells what the phenomenon under discussion; in terms of parts, qualities, habits or behaviors; This section gives us an overview of commonly occurring phenomenon, either of its parts, its properties, habit, or behavior. The point is, presenting elaboration of scientific classification.

Language Feature of Report
• Introducing group or general aspect
• Using conditional logical connection; when, so, etc
• Using simple present tense

The Purpose of Report

the purpose of the report is to convey information text observations and systematic analysis. The information described in the report text is usually general in nature, be it natural or artificial like a mammals, planets, rocks, plants, state, cultural, transportation, etc.

EXAMPLE OF REPORT TEXT

Venice is a city in northern Italy. It is the capital of region Veneto. Together with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area. Venice has been known as the “Queen of the Adriatic”, “City of Water”, “City of Bridges”, and “The City of Light”. The city stretches across 117 small islands in the marshy Venetian Lagoon along the Adriatic Sea in northeast Italy.

Venice is world-famous for its canals. It is built on an archipelago of 117 islands formed by about 150 canals in a shallow lagoon. The islands on which the city is built are connected by about 400 bridges. In the old center, the canals serve the function of roads, and every form of transport is on water or on foot.

You can ride gondola there. It is the classical Venetian boat which nowadays is mostly used for tourists, or for weddings, funerals, or other ceremonies. Now, most Venetians travel by motorised waterbuses (“vaporetti”) which ply regular routes along the major canals and between the city’s islands. The city also has many private boats. The only gondolas still in common use by Venetians are the traghetti, foot passenger ferries crossing the Grand Canal at certain points without bridges.

You can see the amusing city’s landmarks such as Piazza San Marco, Palazzo Contarini del Bovolo, Saint Mark’s Cathedral or villas of the Veneto. The villas of the Veneto, rural residences for nobles during the Republic, are one of the most interesting aspects of Venetian countryside.

They are surrounded by elegant gardens, suitable for fashionable parties of high society. The city is also well known for its beautiful and romantic view, especially at night.